Presenter: Mel Hawkins, DDS; Alan Budenz, DDS, MS

Format: Audio - MP3 File Download $25 or Compact Disc $45

The successful application of clinical pharmacology goes hand-in-hand with those anatomical, physiological, and patient factors, which may be outside our control (usually variables such as apprehension, lack of cooperation, pediatric dentistry, chronic drug ingestion, and underlying medical compromise). Vasoconstrictor interactions, beta blockers, maximum dosages, and safety in pediatric dentistry, local anesthesia toxicity will be discussed and challenged. What's the current status of articaine? Is it a panacea or a problem? Different agents that we use, like water, every day will be compared and contrasted for choice and drug interactions. What's new in local anesthesia including reversal agents, buffering systems, the future of inhalational local anesthesia, case reports, morbidity and mortality, and much more will be presented.This course is designed for the dentist and the dental hygienist who are in clinical practice or are teaching local anesthesia.