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Presenter: Virginij Cijunskiene, Lithuanian State Historical Archives

The presentation deals with some aspects of 19th Century Jewish history. In 1795 year the last partition of the Lithuania - Polish state Commonwealth took place. Lithuania became a part of Russian Empire. The 19th century under the rule of Russian administration made many changes in Jews life and forced them even to change their living places. The reason was the legislation which restricted the territories where Jews could live. In the end of XIX c. the Jewish population in Lithuania grew nearly 25 times larger. The biggest community of Jews in 19th century was in Vilnius. Here lived about 63000 Jews, it was about 45 per cent of all town population. This town became Jewish economic, social, cultural, science and religion center. Vilnius became also the center of the Jewish enlightenment in the East Europe and was called by Jews "The Northern Jerusalem".